Opinions
The state of HIV in Washington: 29 years later
From fear and despair to promising new treatments and hope

On April 4, 1983, AIDS entered the public arena of the District of Columbia.
On a Monday evening 29 years ago, Whitman-Walker held the first public forum on AIDS in D.C. At that time, Cabbage Patch dolls were a hit, people were watching M*A*S*H, and AIDS was destroying the gay male community. A panel of public health experts and advocates spoke to a full house at Lisner Auditorium of The George Washington University. The audience of predominantly gay men was driven to the forum after watching friends, lovers and colleagues die quickly and horribly from AIDS. And they were in a state of fear bordering on panic.
The forum that night probably did little to calm that fear. Think about what was happening in 1983. AIDS had only been recently named. The HIV virus had not been discovered yet. There was no test to see if someone was infected and there was no treatment. In fact, people were unsure if you could catch AIDS from a simple kiss. In short, there was almost no good news that night; only fear and despair for the future.
Today, on the eve of the 2012 International AIDS Conference, there is far more good news in the world of HIV/AIDS.
Since that forum in 1983, HIV testing has become standard operating procedure for many Americans, particularly those in groups at high risk for HIV, like gay or bisexual men. Successful treatments are keeping people with HIV healthy and alive for many years. And people are more knowledgeable about condom use and other safer sex practices.
Over the last few years, even more developments have brought new hope and optimism in the fight against HIV/AIDS, including the idea of using HIV medications to prevent HIV transmission, also known as āTreatment as Prevention.ā
One of the best ways to reduce new HIV transmissions is by diagnosing people with HIV, getting them into care and on medications. These HIV medications can suppress the amount of virus in the personās blood to very low levels, which make it much less likely for that person to transmit the virus. In fact, studies have shown successful treatment to reduce the risk of transmission by up to 96 percent. This same strategy is used to prevent the motherās HIV from transmitting to the baby.
Another way HIV medications are used to reduce transmission is through HIV āpost-exposure prophylaxisā or āPEP.ā If a person has a needle stick at work or an unsafe sexual encounter they can take HIV medications for a month to prevent infection. This method is at least 80 percent effective if used within 72 hours of the potential exposure.
Recently, studies have shown HIV medications can be taken by individuals at high risk for HIV before they are exposed to the virus to protect them from infection. āPre-exposure prophylaxisā or āPREPā is still undergoing clinical trials but seems to be very effective for certain populations at high risk for HIV, such as men who have sex with men and serodiscordant couples (where one partner has HIV and the other is HIV-negative).
All of these new āTreatment as Preventionā tools add to weapons in the fight against new HIV transmissions, but none are a magic bullet. Currently, in the District of Columbia, 70 percent of people diagnosed with HIV do not have a suppressed viral load. Why is this number so high? A large number of people in D.C. have HIV and do not know it. Others have been diagnosed with HIV but have not seen a doctor yet (often due to denial, stigma, etc.). And lastly, a good percentage of HIV-positive people on medication do not have a suppressed HIV viral load due to poor adherence to their medication regimen (often due to depression, addiction issues or competing priorities). We are lucky at Whitman-Walker to have comprehensive health care on site, including care teams, mental health practitioners, a pharmacy, and nurses that focus on patientsā barriers to care. Through this team model, 85 percent of our HIV patients on medications have a suppressed viral load.
Now that the health care community has more options in our fight against HIV, we have to figure out a comprehensive way to prevent new HIV transmissions from occurring. But the good news is that we are more knowledgeable about HIV transmission and there are more prevention options with known effectiveness.
So come join us in a Return to Lisner Auditorium on Tuesday, July 24, at 7 p.m. You will hear from leaders in the field that reducing the number of new HIV infections in Washington, D.C. is possible. You will learn about āTreatment as Prevention.ā And we will all reflect on how far we have come in the past 29 years.
Dr. Ray Martins is chief medical officer of Whitman-Walker Health.
Opinions
This is fascism, not child protection
Hungarian government is trying to ban public Budapest Pride march

Pride is not just a protest. Pride is a movement.
The Hungarian government is trying to restrict peaceful protests with a critical voice by targeting a minority. Therefore, as a movement, we will fight for the freedom of all Hungarians to protest!
Hungarians are a freedom-loving nation. We know that if the government tries to ban protests with critical voices, they will face resistance from the whole of society. That is why we need a scapegoat, a distraction, another wave of hatred. A little bedbuging.Ā They lie to their voters about a child protection measure, but there is no child protection in this bill.
Just two days after the anniversary of the Hungarian revolution and war of independence of 1848, many people were outraged by the hypocrisy of the government’s attempt to strip us of our hard-won freedoms. The slogan of the 1848 revolution against the Austrian Empire was āLiberty, Equality, Fraternity,ā defying oppression and censorship. When Pride organizers and participants stand up for their own freedoms, they are standing up for the rights of all Hungarians.Ā It is a new level of fascism when only those who support those in power are allowed to march in the streets of a country.Ā
If the government tries to restrict the right of citizens to demonstrate peacefully by means of made-up rules, it will be that any demonstration can be banned for any fictitious reason. We will not allow future generations to grow up in such a country. We are at home, we will be here, and we will work to make Hungary a freer country.
The LGBTQ community has been a target of attacks from the ruling parties for years. If attempts are made to ban demonstrations for the rights of the LGBTQ community, there is no guarantee that peaceful demonstrations by groups that the governing parties call the enemy, āthe bedbugs,ā will not be banned, on the false grounds of child protection.
As members of the LGBTQ community, it is part of our lives from childhood that we have to defend ourselves, that we have to fight for acceptance and equal rights. Even though those in power try to dehumanize us, we LGBTQ people are all human beings who want freedom, safety and equal rights. The pride march is one of the most visible parts of this struggle, but equally as important is the resistance we wage every day to lead a free, authentic and happy life in our own country.
It would never occur to a democratic leader to restrict the fundamental rights of those who disagree with them. Elected representatives should not work for their own self-interest, but for all citizens.
We are asking Viktor OrbĆ”n’s government: How will they guarantee that all Hungarian citizens, including LGBTQ people, can live and protest freely? If they cannot guarantee this, it is an admission of their own incompetence.
Opinions
Alan Simpson: Republican from another country
93-year-old conservative rode with us when no one else would

The senator from Wyoming was authenticity itself ā a Western force coming at you like a bobcat with a crooked smile. Indeed, the name of his ranch outside of Cody is the āBobcat.ā It was at the Bobcat near Yellowstone Park, where my friend Sen. Alan K. Simpson (1931-2025) did some of his best thinking about history, politics, and how people live and fight.
When he came to Washington, Al Simpson was steeped in this uniquely Western Bobcat Ranch heritage ā from his grandfather, who represented W.F. āBuffalo Billā Cody and prosecuted Butch Cassidy to his mother, a founder of the Buffalo Bill Historical Center that today displays paintings by Thomas Moran and Annie Oakleyās rifles. He was an old-school live-and-let-live conservative Republican, but one with a Western twist ā one part sneer, one part laugh-out-loud funny. It was that twist, I believe, that made him unique.
Sen. Simpson stood with his friend Congressman Barney Frank in 1998 on the Capitol steps at the candlelight vigil after the murder of Matthew Shepard in Laramie. Shaken by the barbarity of what happened, Simpson denounced Shepardās killing as an āugly, ugly butchering. The people of my state and the University of Wyoming want you to know this is not who we are.ā Then came a wave of boos and the heckling of Al as a Republican from Wyoming. He told me he never forgot that booing and resolved to continue fighting with us for our equality in the years to come. On this, he was good to his word.
A Houston gay community effort challenged and appealed the sodomy charge of John Lawrence and Tyron Garner in Texas. We believed our organization, a gay-straight alliance, the Republican Unity Coalition (RUC) had a role to play. Alan Simpson stepped forward to serve as our chairman, signing our amicus brief in support of Lawrence and Garner to strike down the Texas sodomy law. He then reached out to his friend āJerry Fordā (former President Gerald Ford) to join our effort. Ford did so becoming the first and only president to join an LGBTQ advocacy group. In 2003, on the day the Supreme Court heard oral arguments on the Lawrence case, Al wrote in an op-ed published by the Wall Street Journal, āHomosexuality should be a non-issue for the GOPā¦ sodomy laws are contrary to American values protecting personal liberty and opposing discrimination.ā Al was thrilled when the Court voted 6-3 in favor of Lawrence ending the criminalization of homosexuality.
When Al came out in support of same-sex marriage in Massachusetts, the Rev. Fred Phelps (āGod Hates Fagsā) denounced Al as a āsenile old fag lover.ā Al responded with grace and hilarity in the style of one of his heroes, cowboy humorist Will Rogers. āDear Rev. Phelps, I just want to alert you to the fact that some dizzy son of a bitch is sending out mailings and emails using your name! I know you are a god fearing, Christian person filled to the brim with forbearance, tolerance and loveā¦and this other goofy homophobe nut must be something opposite.ā Al did not pull back from his support for same-sex marriage. He opposed President George W. Bush on his proposal to amend the Constitution to ban same-sex marriage. Al wrote in the Washington Post, āSeveral Senate members want to create more anguish by pushing a proposal to amend the Constitution ā¦ but a federal marriage amendment would do nothing to strengthen families, just the opposite.ā
For the rest of his long life, Al remained supportive of the LGBTQ community and our families. We disbanded the old Republican Unity Coalition, a delusion we once shared to make āhomosexuality a non-issue for the Republican Party.ā There are no more Alan Simpson Republicans. They are from another country. I happily left the party and married my āpardā as they call partners in Cody. We were married with a reception in Washington, made all the brighter with Alās attendance and his wife Annās blessings. Later, they gave our son his first stuffie.
Alan Simpsonās many obituaries and tributes briefly mention his support of āgay rightsā without elaboration. We should all pause to reflect on just how far this 93-year-old Republican rode with us when no one else would.
Charles Francis, president of the Mattachine Society of Washington, D.C., served for 10 years as a Trustee of the Buffalo Bill Center of the West in Cody, Wyo.
Commentary
Survivors of sex crimes are unsung heroes
Taking trauma and turning it to their advantage

(Editorās note: This is the second of a two-part story. Click here to read the first installment.)
Last month, I started watching āThe X-files.ā
For the most part I loved the show, with Agents Scully and Mulder as the primary reasons why. Yet what I found most frustrating was watching their investigations. As early as episode one, set in a small town of scared people guarded by scary men, Agent Scully proposed coincidences while Agent Mulder proposed aliens. Despite the episode having ācultā written all over it, both agents seemed none the wiser.
Recently, I learned the FBI has an open process for writers and other creatives to learn how the agency works. I also discovered the FBI has a history of monitoring writers. In fact, the FBI is about as image-conscious as your typical D.C. gay, making me wonder how the āX-Filesā moved forward with little pushback. Thatās about as interesting as UFOs being discovered in New Mexico as we tested the atomic bomb.
But if youāre reading this, you likely want me to shut up about the āX-Filesā and get back to my story. When I left off, my friend had disappeared and my work cleared me of any wrongdoing. That said, I was mysteriously fired in September 2022ānearly a year after the initial incidentāand just six weeks after my boss learned that I wrote books.
The process of my firing was strange, to say the least. First and foremost, I was never given a reason. To this day it remains a mystery. My now-former employerāa high-profile lobbying firmāthen bullied me into signing an NDA to access my severance.
By the way, I negotiated up. While I donāt know what I did, I had a feeling I had that power. I was right.
Just prior to the firing, they asked me to bring in my laptop so they could download my files. This rang an alarm for me, primarily because they never gave me a laptop. So, they wanted me to bring in my personal laptop. As a writer with original materials, I reasonably asked what constituted a work file. I never received an answer.
Coincidentally, I met my ex-boyfriend exactly one week before I got fired. He is the same ex-boyfriend from my religion piece, in which I mentioned he fell into hard times. Specifically, I was referring to concerning signs I spotted last April, primarily on the gay apps, and with memories of the last boy still fresh on my mind, I refused to let another slip from my grasp.
So, what did I do? I dove headfirst into hell in a messy attempt to rescue him. After playing this new game of cat-and-mouse in which I was said mouse, allow me to share what I learned: Over the course of several months, I spotted sketchy characters at my exās placeācharacters I suspected dealt hard drugs, which was highly out of character for him. Moreover, I found online accounts promoting extremely suspect pornography and, yes, pimping services on X (formerly Twitter), some of which looked a lot like my ex. While I didnāt know what exactly was happening, I knew something was off, but when I confronted my ex, he denied it.
Being the stubborn asshole that I am, I decided to check these sketchy characters out for myself. It turns out I was spot on about their sketchiness. I learned they not only drug unsuspecting young men in a coordinated manner, but once drugged they sexually violate them andāif drugged enoughābegin recording videos. Itās all made to look random yet safe; for example, there always seems to be a nurse in the group who is āexperiencedā in administering needles.
Once I had proof these people were unsafe, I took further action for my ex. In mid-November, I reached out to someone in his personal life, which was a tough decision since he was closeted. I was strategic and chose someone who knew he was bisexual, and after connecting with her on Instagram, spoke on the phone with her the next morning. Upon hearing my concerns, she agreed based on her own observations.
Apparently, she spotted signs of him being physically harmed over the summer. She and I spoke for hours on end about the situation and how we could help him. Then, just a week later, I lost contact with her and my ex. I havenāt heard from either since.
I eventually grew concerned enough to contact the police and the FBI. In the meantime, particularly following my trauma article, sex workers approached me to share their storiesāprimarily stories of rape and abuse alongside a power structure rooted in it. As for those who try to oppose this system? Theyāre often written off as mentally ill.
I donāt know about you, but I refuse to live in a world where young queers are shepherded into this system. Thatās the opposite of what I envision for the queer community.
Mid-Atlantic Leather weekend arrived in January, along with more sex workers. Once again, some approached me to share their storiesāabout their aspirations, about their art, about their perspectives on the world. And once again, about the system of abuse designed against them from the start. I heard stories of young boys raped by their fathers, or friends of their fathers, or about the drugs used to coerce them into sexual activity. Sadly, just like a UFO witness, they are usually written off and never taken seriously, especially if they have a record of drug abuse or mental illness. Seems to be a pattern, doesnāt it?
That said, these men are not solely victims. If anything, they took their trauma and turned it to their advantage. Iād like to take this moment to thank them. Theyāre unsung heroesāeach and every oneāin a nation that often shames them.
Yet as proud as I am of these sex workers, my heart was equally broken. These stories were painful to hear, to say the least. I quickly grew paranoid of people around me, even friends at times. There were other times I sat alone in my apartment, bawling over the men I had lost, along with the pain others had experienced. This only strengthened my resolve to end it.Ā
To top this all off, my final discovery came just two months ago. Turns out thereās an X account publicly teasing me about this entire affair. The account even references this column and, according to the receipts, started well before I noticed concerning signs about my ex in the first place.
Hello there, dear X account. It appears youāve been observing me. Consider this my proverbial tapping back on the glass.
Wowāthere seems to be a lot of time, energy, and effort spent on little ole me. Why is that, I wonder? Iāve mentioned before Iām just a measly little barback who has been fired twice. Although looking back, those firings were strange too, werenāt they?
Is it the abuse I uncovered? Is it the details of my loverās past? Is it something I wrote? Is it a combination of the three? And is it possible that the little dark cloud thatās been following me in D.C. is more intentional than I once thought?
I may never learn the truth on my own, but I can pose another question: whatās the only thing scarier than UFOs? To me thereās just one answer: that UFOs were never real in the first place. Occasionally, answers to unsettling mysteries simply unearth more unsettling mysteries.
I mentioned before in this column that I arrived to D.C. naĆÆve about the world, perhaps just as naĆÆve as Agents Scully and Mulder. Yet in my naivetĆ© I tripped on something: the rot hiding beneath the surface of our nationās capital. No, it isnāt coincidence. It isnāt aliens, either. But whatever it is, I alone cannot identify it.
Throughout my time uncovering this story, Iāve come across friends, acquaintances, and even relatives who suffered abuse, along with threats or shaming to keep them quiet. They come from all races, creeds, backgrounds, and orientations, and as it turns out, some of the infrastructure of power in D.C. and in towns across this nation are built around it. While Iām ready to tear it down, this isnāt just my story. I might be the one starting it, but itās not on me to finish.
The most I can do is hand the pen over to the victims. Iāve shared my part. Now itās their turn. As for the audience: I hope youāre now ready to start believing.
Jake Stewart is a D.C.-based writer and barback.
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